Waste incineration plant leachate treatment technology focus and difficulty
Waste incineration plant leachate comes mainly from the garbage itself holding water, liquid generated by the decomposition of garbage and garbage into the process of carrying rainwater. Landfill leachate has the characteristics of high ammonia nitrogen content, high concentration of organic pollutants, high salt content, complex components and large fluctuation of water quality and water quantity, which makes the treatment more difficult.
First, the characteristics of waste incineration plant leachate
1, high concentration of organic pollutants, good biodegradability
Waste incineration plant leachate CODcr up to 20000 ~ 60000mg / L, BOD5 10000 ~ 30000mg / L, is a high concentration of organic wastewater. Most leachate organic compounds are soluble organic matter, about 90% of soluble organic carbon by the short-chain volatile fatty acids, the main components of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid, followed by a polycarboxy and aromatic carboxyl Of the greywater, therefore the biodegradability of the leachate is better.
2. High ammonia concentration
Leachate ammonia concentration of up to 1000 ~ 3000mg / L, leachate nitrogen in the form of ammonia, nitrogen accounted for about 75% to 90%.
3. Salt content is high
Leachate salt content is usually as high as 10000mg / L or more, the use of membrane treatment due to excessive osmotic pressure caused by too low rate of production, only ordinary biochemical treatment because of salt content is too high, causing difficulty in starting, low load, Unstable operation, or even unable to run.
4. Water and water quality changes in large fluctuations
The amount of leachate generated depends on the type of garbage collection and delivery system, the composition of garbage, rainfall and other factors. Leachate daily output of about 5% to 40% of the amount of rubbish. The change of pollutant concentration also reaches 3 ~ 5 times.
Second, leachate treatment commonly used technology route
1, biochemical + advanced oxidation + depth treatment
The leachate contains high concentration of organic pollutants and good biodegradability. The biochemical treatment process is the most complete and economical process for treating high-concentration organic wastewater. It can greatly degrade organic pollutants under relatively economical conditions, The effect of leachate makes the overall cost of processing more savings. Due to the leachate also contains many difficult to degrade macromolecular organic matter, biochemical treatment technology will always retain some can not be biodegradable and adsorption of "inert COD." Engineering practice shows that using a variety of biochemical treatment processes, the CODcr of the leachate can be reduced below 1000mg / L, the removal rate is very considerable, but the effluent generally can not directly meet the emission standards.
2. Biochemical + membrane process
Leachate biochemical treatment after the further use of membrane technology is the most commonly used leachate treatment method, the water quality of the process is good, can reach the standard of reuse of water, for the leachate water quality and the volatility of the water also has a high resistance to change Capability, high operational stability. After the membrane separation treatment, the effect of pollutants is obvious, after the separation of the effluent to the appropriate national discharge standards. Moreover, the membrane technology has the advantages of continuous operation, high degree of mechanization, easy management and less influence of the water quality on the membrane treatment effect.
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