Use of rare earth element strontium (Gd)

Classification of rare earths

1) Light rare earth (also known as é“ˆ group): é•§ , é“ˆ, é•¨ , é’• , é’·, é’ , é“• , é’† .

2) Heavy rare earth (also known as é’‡ group): é“½ , é• , é’¬ , é“’ , é“¥ , é•± , é•¥ , é’ª , é’‡.

The difference between the é“ˆ group and the é’‡ group is because the rare earth mixture obtained by separation of minerals is often named after the ratio of lanthanum or cerium.

Rare earth metals (rare earth metals), also known as a rare earth element, is a general term for a group â…¢B periodic table scandium, yttrium, lanthanides 17 elements, commonly represented by R or RE. Their names and chemical symbols are é’ª (Sc), é’‡ (Y), é•§ (La), é“ˆ (Ce), é•¨ (Pr), é’• (Nd), é’· (Pm), é’ (Sm), é“• (Eu ), Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu. Their atomic numbers are 21 (Sc), 39 (Y), 57 (La) to 71 (Lu).

Gd (Gd) In 1880, G. de Marignac of Switzerland separated "é’" into two elements, one of which was confirmed by Sorit to be a scorpion element and the other by Bois Budeley. The study confirmed that in 1886, Marignac studied the rare earth pioneer Dutch chemist Gado Linium to commemorate the discovery of strontium elements, and named the new element é’†.

é’† will play an important role in modern technological innovation.

Its main uses are:

(1) Its water-soluble paramagnetic complex can medically improve the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging signal of the human body.

(2) Its sulfur oxide can be used as a substrate grid of a special brightness oscilloscope and an x-ray screen.

(3) The ruthenium in yttrium gallium garnet is an ideal single substrate for the bubble memory.

(4) It can be used as a solid magnetic refrigerant medium without the Camot cycle limitation.

(5) Used as an inhibitor to control the chain reaction level of nuclear power plants to ensure the safety of nuclear reactions.

(6) It is used as an additive for samarium- cobalt magnets to ensure that the properties do not change with temperature.

In addition, cerium oxide is used together with cerium to contribute to changes in the vitrification zone and to improve the thermal stability of the glass. Cerium oxide can also be used to make capacitors, x-ray intensifying screens. In the world, efforts are being made to develop the application of niobium and its alloys in magnetic refrigeration, and breakthroughs have been made. Magnetic refrigerators using superconducting magnets, metal tantalum or alloys thereof as refrigerants have been available at room temperature.

Metal enamel

Yttrium oxide

Gadolinium iron alloy

A. Enhanced CT showed low-density frontal lobe lesions; B. é’† enhanced MRI showed low-density lesions; C. Tumors showed sharp-edged high-signal images on MRI T2W

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