Current characteristics and development trend of China's iron ore mine capacity building
1. Resource reserves are the basis for iron ore production capacity building
1. Chinese iron ore resources, abundant reserves
By the end of 2009, there were 3,637 iron ore districts in the country, and the iron ore resource reserves were found to be 64.6 billion tons. Among them, the basic reserves are 21.3 billion tons and the resources are 43.3 billion tons.
Iron ore is widely distributed in China and is distributed in 31 provinces and cities across the country, but it is relatively concentrated in 13 provinces, municipalities and districts such as Liaoning. The total proven resources of these provinces, cities and districts are currently More than 1 billion tons, the total reserves of iron ore resources are 57.19 billion tons, accounting for 88.52% of the national resource reserves.
2. Abundant prospecting results and broad prospecting prospects
After nearly 60 years of exploration, the distribution pattern of iron ore resources in the central and eastern regions of China is basically clear, and the prospects for mineralization in the western iron ore are initially mastered. However, the degree of exploration is relatively low, and the depth of exploration is shallow. The exploration depth of most deposits is shallow at 500 meters. In general, iron ore exploration is high in the east and middle, low in the west, high in the shallow, and low in the deep. Some areas in the west are still surveying blank areas, and there is still a lot of prospecting space in the shallow area of ​​500 meters.
Since 2000, the geological exploration fees invested in strengthening iron ore geological work have increased year by year. In 2004, it exceeded 100 million yuan for the first time, reaching 141.83 million yuan. In 2007, it reached a record high of 66.857 million yuan. In 2008, it broke through 20 in one fell swoop. The 100 million yuan mark has further increased to 216.31 million yuan, 53 times that of 2003.
In recent years, the Ministry of Land and Resources has set up a key mineralization area, using new theories, new methods, and new technologies to concentrate its superiority and effectively increase the geological prospecting of iron ore and make major breakthroughs. The eastern anomaly inspection carried out by a thick footprint and low and aeromagnetic anomaly inspection, organization and implementation of medium-sized mine replacement resources prospecting projects, as well as local financial and social capital to increase iron ore exploration, new discovery of a number of buried iron; west A number of iron ore mines were also discovered through aeromagnetic anomaly verification and mine inspection. According to statistics, there are 79 large and medium-sized iron ore mines newly discovered in the past five years. A total of 8.741 billion tons of iron ore reserves have been surveyed, including 1.61 billion tons in 2005 and 1.234 billion tons in 2006. It increased by 1.714 billion tons. In 2008, it added 1.393 billion tons. In 2009, it added 2.79 billion tons, making it the largest year for exploration of new iron ore resources. A total of nearly 10 billion tons of iron ore resources were discovered in the exploration areas of Anben, Jidong, Zhangzhou, Panxi and Handan, which provided an important resource basis for further development.
The large and medium-sized iron ore discovered in 2005 (with a scale of more than 50 million tons, the same below) include: 42.33 million tons of Macheng iron ore in Weinan County, Hebei Province, and 99.89 million tons of Changyu iron ore mine in Jixian County. 10,000 tons, Inner Mongolia Ningcheng Wuguanyingzi iron ore is 89.79 million tons, Hubei Danjiangkou Tianjiagou iron ore is 55.71 million tons, and Shandong Jinan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. is 53.41 million tons.
The iron ore discovered in 2006 included: 185.62 million tons of Yangzhuang Iron Mine in Dangtu, Anhui Province, 10.3 million tons of Xiaojiagou Iron Mine in Lu County, Shandong Province, and 96.8 million tons of Ningcheng West Arrow Iron Mine in Inner Mongolia, 7189, Kengdunkike Iron Mine, Geermu, Qinghai Ten thousand tons
The iron ore discovered in 2007 included: 77.61 million tons of Baima Iron Mine in Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province, 310.25 million tons of Inner Mongolia Baiyun Obo West Mine, and 61.13 million tons of Wuyang Iron Mountain Iron Mine in Angang, Henan.
Iron ore discovered in 2008 are: Inner Mongolia flag darhan Mt ultra-poor magnetite 328 million tons, Sichuan Miyi Jiji Ping 223 million tons of iron ore, iron ore Hubei Valley County Dongshan District booming silver mining section 18500 view 10,000 tons, 163 million tons of Zhangbaozhuang iron ore in Wenshang County, Shandong Province, 61 million tons of Mengku Iron Mine in Fuyun County, Xinjiang, 53 million tons of Wangwangzhuang Mining Area, Jinling Iron Mine, Zibo City, Shandong Province, the mountainous area of ​​the front of the mountain iron ore mine in Anshan City, Liaoning Province 50 million tons.
The iron ore discovered in 2009 includes: 620 million tons of Macheng Iron Mine in Weinan County, Hebei Province, 460 million tons of Shangyu Iron Mine in Lishui County, Shandong Province, and 170 million tons of Baoling Iron Mine in Linyi, Shandong Province. The mine is 78 million tons, and Anhui Huoqi Fu Lao Zhuang iron ore mine is 54 million tons.
Iron ore exploration has made major breakthroughs in iron ore concentration areas such as Anben, Jidong, Zhangzhou, Panxi and Handan. Among them, the Macheng iron ore mine in Weinan County of Mindong County, after detailed investigation, submitted a total of 1.044 billion tons of iron ore reserves. The ore body is nearly north-south, the ore belt is extended by nearly 6 kilometers, the buried depth is 100-600 meters, the average thickness of the main ore body is 41.43-108.95 meters, and the ore volume accounts for 84% of the total area. Another prospective resource of about 500 million tons is yet to be further identified. This is the largest iron ore resource producing area in China since the 1980s, and it is shallowly buried and easy to pick and choose.
The Jidong area is one of the metamorphic iron ore concentration production areas with an area of ​​10,000 square kilometers. It is one of the most potential areas for iron ore exploration in the central and eastern China. So far, three large iron ore mines (more than 1 billion tons), 9 large mines and 38 medium-sized mines have been discovered. Since 2000, the relevant departments have intensified the exploration of iron ore in the eastern part of the country, continuously deepened the theory of orbital structure control, and adopted new technologies such as gravity and magnetic joint inversion, and successively found Xinzhuang, Changyi and Ma in the area. City, long condensation four iron ore. Among them, the Macheng mine has the largest scale, and the prospective reserves can reach 1.5 billion tons. The resources seized by the two mines in Xinzhuang and Changyu are also above 100 million tons. According to the information obtained from drilling, the resources of the Chang'an County Chang'an Condensate Mine, which is currently under investigation, are more than 500 million tons. Based on the full study of the ore-forming rules of the Jidong iron ore, according to the analysis of the relationship between iron ore resources and stratum, structure, aeromagnetic geomagnetic anomalies, the metallurgical geological department predicts that there are still nearly 20 billion tons of resource potential in the eastern region. Find.
In June 2009, the Land and Resources Survey found a large iron ore mine in Benxi Qiaotou in Liaoning. The company followed up the exploration. At present, it has controlled 3 billion tons of iron ore resources. The controlled ore body has a length of 1,200 meters and a horizontal width of 1036. M, but no matter whether it is in the direction or inclination, it is not controlled to the boundary of the ore body. The buried depth of the ore body is generally between 1100 m and 1200 m, and some holes have not penetrated the iron ore body at 2015 m. According to the magnetic anomaly, the ore body can reach 1,440 meters in length, 1,029 meters in width and 1,500 meters in width. The predicted prospective resources are 7.601 billion tons, which is expected to become the largest single iron ore in the world.
In October 2009, a large iron ore mine was discovered in Hongdian Temple, Yandian, Yanzhou, Shandong Province. The Shandong Provincial Geological Survey Bureau and local enterprises jointly carried out exploration work, and discovered iron ore resources of 520 million tons, and the ore body depth was 1020. The meter is 2,200 meters, and the average grade of the ore body is 26%-31.7%. According to the magnetic anomaly, the prospective resources of the whole mine field are as high as 10.8 billion tons.
After the discovery of the Minhe Iron Mine in Anhui Province, the Lanjiajiao Iron Mine in Panzhihua, Sichuan, and the Yandian Iron Mine in Shandong Province, through the exploration of the whole assembly, the discovered resource reserves have reached nearly 900 million tons. Through the implementation of crisis mines to replace resources, the cumulative new iron ore resource reserves of 870 million tons, all of which have been directly developed and utilized by mining enterprises.
In addition, a number of new iron ore prospects have been discovered in the western region. Among them, the West Tianshan Awulale metallogenic belt is preparing for iron ore, controlling iron ore resource reserves of 230 million tons; in the Nixiong iron ore concentration area of ​​Tibet, initially controlling the rich iron ore resources of 138 million tons; at the junction of Xinjiang and Qinghai In the Yanmantage area, the iron ore prospective resources exceed 1 billion tons; the West Kunlun Tashkurgan old iron ore prospective resources amount more than 500 million tons. Iron ore in these areas has a low degree of exploration, shallow burial, high grade and large scale, and is easy to develop and utilize.
These newly discovered iron ore mines have not yet been surveyed in detail, and their resource data have not yet been counted in the National Mineral Resources Reserves.
Comprehensive analysis shows that in China, both the western and eastern and central regions have large iron ore prospecting potential. It is initially predicted that the prospect of iron ore resources at 1000 meters is as high as 100 billion tons, especially in the deep part of the known important iron ore concentration areas, which has great prospecting space and potential, and geological prospecting for iron ore resources. There is much to be done.
It is worth pointing out that as the Ministry of Land and Resources continues to increase investment in iron ore, China is currently at the peak of the new discovery of iron ore. Since 2001, China's iron ore reserves have remained at a level of more than 60 billion tons, and have grown year after year. In 2009, China's iron ore reserves have increased to 64.6 billion tons, which is rare in the past 20 years.
It is reported that in 2010, the central government will increase the capital of 5 billion yuan to strengthen the basic work of mineral exploration. In addition, it will invest 3 billion yuan for mineral resources conservation, intensive and comprehensive utilization. Central and provincial geological exploration funds have been launched and implemented, with a total scale of 15 billion yuan. Recently, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission also issued relevant policies. 50% of the exploration costs of enterprises are added back in profits during the assessment. The successive introduction of these measures will greatly stimulate enterprises to invest in the exploration of mineral resources.
Second, the status quo of iron ore mine capacity construction
1. Through the intensive development of iron ore resource reserves, nearly 900 million tons/year of raw ore production capacity has been formed.
By the end of 2008, 1,386 iron ore mines had been developed and utilized throughout the country, with a reserve of 23.553 billion tons of identified resources, including 12.769 billion tons of basic reserves. The mine reserves that have been developed and utilized retain the identified resources of all iron ore reserves. The reserves are 37.36%.
The iron ore areas that have been developed and utilized are mainly distributed in Liaoning, Hebei, Anhui, Sichuan, Yunnan, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Gansu and Hubei provinces, and have formed Anshan-Benxi, Xichang-Panzhihua, Jidong-Miyun, and Wu. Taiwan - Yixian, Baotou - Baiyun Obo, Edong, Ninglang, Jiuquan, Hainan Shilu, Yu-Xingtai, Chengde and other iron ore production bases. In 2008, there were 4,230 iron ore mines in the country, including 81 large mines and 193 medium-sized mines.
In recent years, with the rapid development of the national economy, the demand for iron ore in the steel industry has increased sharply. The enthusiasm of various capitals for iron ore development has never been higher. A large number of iron ore mining and selection projects have been completed and put into production. By the end of 2008, The country has formed nearly 900 million tons / year of raw ore production capacity, with an additional capacity of about 50 million tons. Among the new capacity mines, there are 3.77 million tons of Hebei Iron and Steel Group, 2.26 million tons of Taigang, 6 million tons of Baotou Steel Run, 3.83 million tons of Angang, 1 million tons of Maanshan Iron and Steel, 600,000 tons of WISCO. , Beijing Shouyun 250,000 tons, Tangshan Shougang Malanzhuang 940,000 tons, Tonggang Huadian Mining 550,000 tons, Xuzhou Iron Mine 500,000 tons, Laigang Lunan Mining 900,000 tons, Shaanxi Daxigou 600,000 tons, Sichuan Nanjiang Mining 270,000 tons, 250,000 tons of Yanxing Metallurgical Mine Administration, 220,000 tons of Luzhong Metallurgical Mine.
At the same time, a number of mines have lost their raw ore production capacity due to depletion of resources, including: 795,000 tons of Hebei Iron and Steel Group, 150,000 tons of Yanxing Metallurgical Mine Administration, 7.2 million tons of Angang, 1.3 million tons of Maanshan Iron and Steel, Beijing Miyunwei Gram 176,000 tons.
2. Iron ore production has grown rapidly, but it still cannot meet the growing market demand.
In recent years, China's iron ore output has increased significantly year after year. According to statistics, the output of raw ore in 2003 was 261.46 million tons. By 2008, it had grown to 82.41 million tons, which was 3.15 times of the output in 2003, with an average annual growth rate of 25.8%. Affected by the financial crisis, the growth rate of China's iron ore output declined significantly in 2009, but the annual output still reached 880 million tons, an increase of 6.8% over the previous year. The ore grade is lower and the average grade is less than 30%. Among them, open-pit mining accounts for 70%, and underground mining accounts for 30%. In 2009, the domestic iron ore market demand was as high as 1.17 billion tons, and the gap was partly solved by imports. In the same year, a total of 627 million tons of iron ore was imported, an increase of 41.6% over the previous year, accounting for 69% of the domestic iron ore market demand.
3. Further expand the self-supply capacity of domestic iron ore with a realistic resource reserve basis.
At present, there are 2,251 iron ore districts that have not been developed, accounting for 61.89% of the total number of proven iron ore mines in the country; unutilized reserves of iron ore resources amount to 41.047 billion tons, accounting for 63.54% of the reserves of proven iron ore resources in the country. . 62% of the proven mines have not used 64% of the proven reserves. The reasons are more complicated. Some are because the traffic conditions are not good, some are because the smelting technology has not passed, some are because the burial depth is large, some are because the grade is low, some are because The groundwater is too large.
In recent years, with the continuous improvement of infrastructure in the country, especially the sharp increase in iron ore prices, there are many internal and external construction conditions in the unexplored mining areas. According to the 2008 data, among the 2,251 mining areas that have not been developed, 1,015 have been included in the planned use of mining areas, accounting for 45.09% of the total number of undeveloped iron ore districts in the country, with reserves of iron ore resources of 20.945 billion tons, accounting for The country maintains 32.42% of the proven reserves of iron ore resources. Among them, Sichuan has 35 planned mining areas, with a proven resource reserve of 6.308 billion tons; Hebei has 52 planned mining areas, with a proven resource reserve of 2.488 billion tons; Inner Mongolia has 218 planned mining areas, and identified resource reserves 21.45 100 million tons; Liaoning has 59 planned mining areas with a proven resource reserve of 2.062 billion tons; Shandong has 104 planned mining areas, with a proven resource reserve of 1.771 billion tons; Anhui has 50 planned mining areas to identify resources The reserves are 1.517 billion tons; Shanxi has 56 planned mining areas, and the identified resource reserves are 1.429 billion tons. The above seven resource provinces (districts) have a total of 574 planned mining areas, with a proven resource reserve of 17.72 billion tons, accounting for 84.6% of the nationally configurable resource reserves.
There are 1,236 mines listed as temporarily difficult to use, accounting for 34% of the total number of proven iron ore mines in the country, and iron ore resources reserves of up to 20.1 billion tons. The inclusion of temporary hard-to-use mining areas indicates that these mining areas do not currently have internal and external conditions for scale development. For example, some traffic conditions are still very poor, some of the metallurgical techniques have not yet passed, and some groundwaters have a devastating impact on mining. The problem has not been completely solved, and it is necessary to have a large consortium of large enterprises to participate in technical research.
There are many examples of successful technical breakthroughs. For example, the Yuanjiacun iron ore mine in Jixian County, Shanxi Province has a proven reserves of 1.22 billion tons. In the past, due to the extremely difficult and difficult selection of ore useful minerals, it has been difficult to develop and become a mine. Now, after scientific and technological research, the problem of mineral processing has been solved, so it was quickly included in the development plan.
Third, China's iron ore mine capacity development trend
1. The scale development of difficult iron ore mines has been carried out in an orderly manner.
Ningxiang-type iron ore is widely distributed in the Yangtze platform and surrounding areas of Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou, Guizhou, Guizhou, Guizhou, Guizhou, Sichuan, Gansu, Shaanxi and Henan, and has been submitted to 212 mineral deposits through geological exploration. The iron ore resource reserves were found to be 3.72 billion tons, accounting for about 7% of the country's total iron ore resources. The western Hubei iron ore district is the most important production area of ​​the Ningxiang-type iron ore mine. The proven resource reserves are 1.992 billion tons, accounting for 53.57% of the total Ningxiang-type iron ore. The resource vision is over 4 billion tons. Representative deposits include: Huopingping, Ocean, Dashiqiao, Songmuping, Yujiahe, Bijishan, Guandian, Shige, Huzidian, Caiyuanzi, Liushi, Yangjiafang, Libixi, Wushishan. Ningxiang-style braided hematite ore is one of the most difficult types of iron ore recognized at home and abroad. The difficulty: Since iron minerals disseminated fine particle size, and often with siderite, chamosite and phosphorus-containing mineral association or another package. In theory, most ore cannot be physically separated. Only iron ore aggregates (including impurities such as silicon, phosphorus, clay , carbonaceous) and gangue are separated.
In order to develop and utilize the western iron ore mine, WISCO and Shougang have invested heavily in the iron and phosphorus removal tests in the three stages of mining and metallurgy, and achieved certain results. With the completion of railways, highways, airport expansion and expansion, as well as the increasing power installation and the improvement of science and technology, the time for large-scale development of Enshi Iron Mine has matured.
The new Shougang Resources Holding Company's Huopingping 600,000 tons/year high-phosphorus iron ore mining project was approved in June 2007 by the Hubei Provincial Development and Reform Commission. The total investment of the project is 32.253 million yuan, and an annual output of 600,000 tons/year mining and beneficiation project will be built, and a pellet project of corresponding scale will be built. The project is scheduled to start construction within the year, and the sales income after completion of the project can reach more than 10 billion yuan. The construction period is 12 months.
In November 2008, Wuhan Iron and Steel (Group) Co., Ltd. invested in the development of the Enshi Iron Mine industrialization test 500,000 tons of concentrating plant and 500,000 tons of powder ore plant project officially started in Guandian Town, Jianshi County, which marked the development of Wuxi Group Corporation Iron ore has taken a substantial step. It is also a major step in the implementation of the industrial Xingzhou strategy in Enshi Prefecture. The western Hubei iron ore district is the second concentrated distribution of iron deposits in Hubei Province. The resource reserves account for 70% of the province's total reserves. In particular, Enshi's iron ore reserves are abundant, and the proven reserves are 1.3 billion tons. Prospective reserves may be With more than 4 billion tons, the prospects for development are very broad.
2. Low-grade iron ore will be used on a larger scale
From 2003 to 2007, in the case of high iron ore prices and relatively loose policies, low-grade iron ore was used on a large scale, and iron ore production has made new breakthroughs every year. The ultra-poor iron ore outside the statistics of the National Mineral Resources Reserve Table has also entered the available range. The development and utilization of the ultra-lean vanadium- titanium magnetite in Chengde, Hebei Province has become a successful example of rational development and utilization of low-grade iron ore resources. Hebei Province's ultra-poor vanadium-titanium magnetite has a proven resource reserve of 5.537 billion tons and a predicted resource reserve of nearly 10 billion tons. The total amount of super-poor magnetite resources in Liaoning Province is estimated to be 10.7 billion tons. This fully demonstrates the enormous potential of China's iron ore resources development and utilization and the incomparable power of policy regulation.
3. The pace of iron ore production capacity construction has obviously accelerated
Since 2003, the investment in fixed assets of the ferrous metal mining and dressing industry has increased year by year. The domestic iron ore mining and selection industry has completed a fixed asset investment of 190.2 billion yuan over the years. Among them, in 2007, it reached 42.719 billion yuan, 8.5 times that of 2003. In 2008, the investment in fixed assets of the ferrous metal mining and mining industry further increased, reaching a record 68 billion yuan, an increase of 59.2% over the previous year.
According to incomplete statistics, the iron ore mining design and design capacity under construction and planning in the near future is 480 million tons/year, and the self-sufficiency of domestic iron ore is steadily increasing. Among them, there are 17 important iron ore mine construction projects. For example, Shanxi Taigang Yuanjiacun iron ore production scale is 22 million tons/year, Hebei Sijiaying second phase is 15 million tons/year, and Anhui Huoqiu 14.5 million tons. / Year, Inner Mongolia Baotou Baiyun West Mine 10 million tons / year, Maanshan Luohe 5 million tons / year, Anhui Ma Steel and Shang Bridge 4.5 million tons / year, Hebei Shougang Xingshan 4 million tons / year, Jilin Tower East Rail Mine 3.5 million tons / year, Hubei Dahongshan open-pit mine 3.5 million tons / year, Chongqing heavy steel Taihe 3 million tons / year, Liaoning Wengquangou boron iron ore 3 million tons / year, Heilongjiang Yangbishan 3 million tons / In the year, Shandong Yunbaoling 3 million tons / year, Sinosteel Cangshan 2 million tons / year, Henan Xuchang 2 million tons / year, Anshan Iron and Steel Hill 2 million tons / year, Maanshan Baixiangshan 2 million tons / year. With the commissioning of these new mines, the supply capacity of domestic iron ore will exceed 1.3 billion tons in the next three to five years, which will greatly alleviate the contradiction of the shortage of domestic iron ore.
It is worth mentioning that in May 2007, the newly discovered Anhui Minjiang Nihe Iron Mine, in order to speed up the pace of exploration and development, break through the traditional practices, census, detailed investigation, exploration and even development almost simultaneously, so far, exploration has been completed Most of the workload is expected to be submitted in April this year. The mine is dominated by magnetite, with pyrite and gypsum being associated with it, magnets and pyrites reaching large scales, and gypsum mines are medium-sized. Initially, the reserves of magnetite resources are 1.8 billion tons, and the reserves of pyrite resources are 35 million tons. It is expected to be exploited for 40 years.
It is reported that Benxi’s newly discovered huge iron ore with proven reserves of more than 3 billion tons will soon start construction, with a total investment of 2.5 billion yuan. It is estimated that by 2015, it will produce 5 million tons of iron ore annually.
The supernormal development of these two iron ore mines shows that the pace of capacity building in China's iron ore mines has significantly accelerated.
4. The state will continue to give policy support to domestic mines.
China's steel output continues to grow at a high speed, the demand for iron ore is increasing, iron ore imports have increased year after year, and its imports are completely controlled by highly monopolized international iron ore suppliers, and import prices remain high for a long time. The pricing power is also completely in the hands of a few iron ore oligarchy. Excessive dependence on foreign iron ore imports has directly threatened national economic security. All of this has led people to pay more and more attention to the state's policy on domestic mines.
Since one stage, the state has adopted an support policy for the production of domestic iron ore. This is obvious to all. First, the state has listed iron ore as an important mineral for encouraging exploration and development, and implemented active resource survey and evaluation and exploration policies. Iron ore prospecting investment has increased year by year and maintained at a high level, and a number of prospecting achievements have been achieved. The state encourages diversified funds, including self-owned funds, bank loans, private capital and foreign capital, to invest in the commercial development of iron ore, and the production capacity of iron ore is increasing year by year.
In terms of national tax policy, as early as May 1994, the state reduced the value-added tax rate of the production chain of mining enterprises from the highest level of 17% to the second, according to the situation that the enterprise reflected excessive taxation, the industry development was shrinking, and the supply of resources was seriously insufficient. In the second quarter of 2002, the state adjusted the applicable tax amount of the iron ore resource tax of the metallurgical joint enterprise for the specific situation of the domestic iron ore enterprises at that time, and reduced the amount of the tax by 40% of the prescribed tax amount. The adjustment of the national tax policy has greatly stimulated the development of the iron ore industry.
However, with the development of the national economy, the price of iron ore has been greatly improved. Under this circumstance, the state also adjusted the applicable tax on iron ore resource tax from 40% to 60% in January 2006; in January 2009, the state again conducted a value-added tax on mining enterprises. Adjustments, on the one hand, allow enterprises to purchase fixed assets such as machinery and equipment, the input tax can be deducted from the sales tax, on the other hand, the minerals VAT rate is restored from 13% to the highest level of 17%. Moreover, the resource tax is likely to increase again.
According to a recent survey commissioned by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the comprehensive tax rate of iron ore mines in China has reached 25%.
At present, although China's real economy has initially emerged from the predicament, the global economic crisis has not yet fully passed, and there are repeated possibilities. In particular, the current negotiations on imported iron ore are at a critical stage, and the state needs to start from the overall situation and plan strategies to reduce the cost of iron ore imports. For domestic iron ore, the state needs to be actively supported by fiscal and taxation policies. First, continue to increase support for difficult technical selection of iron ore mines to seek major breakthroughs in this area; second, not to raise resource taxes for the time being; third, to reduce the value-added tax on iron ore production. Especially the latter. At present, the relevant state departments are studying the feasibility of reducing the tax rate on iron ore production in accordance with the research situation.
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